Syed Hassan
Jun 7, 2025, 11:22 PM (5 days ago)
to me
Hi Hasan following needs to be added for 3 conditions and old needs deleting please
Pulmonary Hypertension: A Comprehensive Overview
Understanding Pulmonary Hypertension
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a condition characterized by elevated blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, which are the vessels responsible for transporting blood from the heart to the lungs. Over time, this increased pressure can lead to significant health complications, including right-sided heart failure.
Pathophysiology and Severity Grades
Pulmonary hypertension is classified into several groups based on its underlying causes:
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Group 1: Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH): Due to narrowing or blockage of the small arteries in the lungs, often idiopathic or hereditary.
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Group 2: PH due to Left Heart Disease: Caused by complications from diseases affecting the left side of the heart like heart valve disease and left ventricular failure.
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Group 3: PH due to Lung Diseases and/or Hypoxia: Resulting from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial lung disease, or sleep apnoea.
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Group 4: Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH): Persisting after pulmonary embolism.
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Group 5: PH with Unclear Multifactorial Mechanisms: From systemic disorders such as sarcoidosis or metabolic disorders.
Severity of pulmonary hypertension is assessed using the World Health Organization (WHO) functional classification:
- Class I: No symptoms with ordinary physical activity.
- Class II: Symptoms with ordinary activity but comfortable at rest.
- Class III: Symptoms with less than ordinary activity.
- Class IV: Symptoms at rest.
Signs and Symptoms
- Shortness of breath, especially during activity
- Fatigue
- Dizziness or fainting spells
- Swelling in the ankles, legs, and eventually the abdomen
- Chest pain
- Increased heart rate
When to See Dr Hassan
Patients experiencing the aforementioned symptoms should consult Dr Syed Hassan,an experienced pulmonologist, particularly if symptoms worsen or are unresponsive to initial treatments.